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Flashcards - Structure and Function of Macromolecules

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quaternary structure
In biochemistry, quaternary structure is the number and arrangement of multiple folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex
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primary structure
The primary structure of a peptide or protein is the linear sequence of its amino acid structural units, and partly comprises its overall biomolecular structure
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monosaccharides
Monosaccharides , also called simple sugars, are the most basic units of carbohydrates
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tRNA
A transfer RNA is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length, that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins
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messenger RNA
Messenger RNA is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression
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nucleotide
Nucleotides are organic molecules that serve as the monomers, or subunits, of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA
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Proteins
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues
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saturated
A saturated fat is a type of fat, in which the fatty acids all have single bonds
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glycogen
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi
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Glucose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6
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Glucose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6
glycogen
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi
saturated
A saturated fat is a type of fat, in which the fatty acids all have single bonds
Proteins
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues
nucleotide
Nucleotides are organic molecules that serve as the monomers, or subunits, of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA
messenger RNA
Messenger RNA is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression
tRNA
A transfer RNA is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length, that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins
monosaccharides
Monosaccharides , also called simple sugars, are the most basic units of carbohydrates
primary structure
The primary structure of a peptide or protein is the linear sequence of its amino acid structural units, and partly comprises its overall biomolecular structure
quaternary structure
In biochemistry, quaternary structure is the number and arrangement of multiple folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex
secondary structure
In biochemistry and structural biology, protein secondary structure is the general three-dimensional form of local segments of proteins
phosphodiester bond
A phosphodiester bond occurs when exactly two of the hydroxyl groups in phosphoric acid react with hydroxyl groups on other molecules to form two ester bonds
polynucleotide
A polynucleotide molecule is a biopolymer composed of 13 or more nucleotide monomers covalently bonded in a chain
base pairs
A base pair is a unit consisting of two nucleobases bound to each other by hydrogen bonds
double-helix
In molecular biology, the term double helix refers to the structure formed by double-stranded molecules of nucleic acids such as DNA
ribonucleic acid
Ribonucleic acid is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes
monomer
A monomer is a molecule that may bind chemically or supramolecularly to other molecules to form a polymer
polymer
A polymer is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits
disaccharides
A disaccharide is the sugar formed when two monosaccharides are joined
pyrimidines
Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine
James Watson
James Dewey Watson is an American molecular biologist, geneticist and zoologist, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA in 1953 with Francis Crick

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You are viewing lesson Lesson 6 in chapter 29 of the course:

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NES Biology (305): Practice & Study Guide

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