Back To Course
CLEP Biology: Study Guide & Test Prep24 chapters | 233 lessons | 22 flashcard sets
Video: Apical Meristem & Primary Shoot System Growth
Just like humans, plants need to grow. In this lesson, you'll see how plant growth occurs at specific locations and how the height of the plant is increased.Apical Meristem & Primary Shoot System Growth
Watch short & fun videos
Start Your Free Trial Today
You must create an account to continue watching
Start Your Free Trial To Continue Watching
As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 70,000 lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you succeed.
Free 5-day trialIt only takes a few minutes to set up and you can cancel at any time.
Already registered? Login here for access
Back
Your next lesson will play in
10 seconds
Recommended Lessons and Courses for You
Lateral Meristem & Secondary Shoot System Growth
Structure of Plant Stems: Vascular and Ground Tissue
Apical Meristem: Definition & Function
Primary Root Tissue, Root Hairs and the Plant Vascular Cylinder
Primary Growth of Plants
Root System Growth: The Root Cap, Primary Roots & Lateral Roots
Secondary Growth in Plants
Phloem: The Pressure Flow Hypothesis of Food Movement
Photoperiodicity: Short-day, Long-day and Day-Neutral Plants
An Angiosperm Life Cycle: Flowering Plant Reproduction
Vascular Cambium: Function & Definition
Xylem: The Effect of Transpiration and Cohesion on Function
AP Chemistry: Tutoring Solution
AP Biology: Exam Prep
Pennsylvania Grades 4-8 - Science Subject Concentration: Practice & Study Guide
Human Anatomy & Physiology: Help and Review
Earth Science 101: Earth Science
High School Biology: Help and Review
College Biology: Help and Review
AP Physics 1: Exam Prep
Biology 103: Microbiology
Astronomy 101: Intro to Astronomy
Supplemental Science: Study Aid
Nutrition 101: Science of Nutrition
Lesson Transcript
Instructor:
Danielle Weber
Danielle teaches high school science and has an master's degree in science education.
Just like humans, plants need to grow. In this lesson, you'll see how plant growth occurs at specific locations and how the height of the plant is increased.
Shoot System Review
We've been through the basic structures of the shoot system, and now we'll explore a few structures that are involved in the growth of the stem, as well as the types of growth found in plant stems.
As a quick review, the shoot system is the above-ground structure of plants including the leaves, buds, stems, flowers and fruits of plants. We'll focus on the growth of the stem for now, but later on we'll look at other plant structures.
Nodes and Buds
On the stem are several indicators of growth, including nodes and buds. Nodes are where leaves are located. The spaces between nodes are known as internodes. You can remember that internodes are between the nodes by relating the term to similar words. For example, the intermission occurs between different acts of a play and an interchange is between two or more highways.
 |
Buds also indicate the growth of a plant. There are three main types of buds that we will look at: terminal, lateral and accessory. Terminal buds are located at the tip of the stem. After a terminal bud has developed, it will leave a terminal bud scar. On some plants, the space between a terminal bud and the previous bud scar indicate the amount of growth over the past year. When a bud is not found at the tip of the stem, it is called a lateral bud. These buds are therefore found on the side of a stem. While we just introduced two types of buds, it is important to note that buds do not always form individually and may be accompanied by accessory buds. These are often found in pairs and are located beside terminal or lateral buds.
 |
The Meristem and Primary Growth
The main location of all growth in the stem is found at the meristems, which are the tissues of the stem capable of cell division. There are two types of meristem in the plant stem: apical meristem, which is found at the tip of the stem, and lateral meristem, which is found surrounding the stem.
The growth at the apical meristem that we will now look at is considered primary growth. This type of growth increases the length of the stem, making the plant taller. It happens in both monocot and dicot plants.
The cell division that occurs at the meristem is what creates new cells and therefore new plant tissue. There are three different types of tissue that the meristem can make: protoderm, ground meristem and procambium. All three types of tissue are then able to make the tissue in a mature stem. The protoderm will eventually make the epidermis of the stem. This is the outer protective covering of the stem. A good way to remember what the protoderm becomes and what the epidermis does is to think of the root word 'dermis,' which means skin. If you have trouble with your skin, you will go to see a dermatologist.
 |
The ground meristem will make the different types of ground tissue. Previously, we went over the three main types of ground tissue: parenchyma, which is the most common form of tissue and stores water and food, collenchyma, which helps support young stems and roots, and sclerenchyma, which is hard tissue that provides support and protection for the stem. All three types of ground tissue come from the ground meristem.
The third tissue made by the apical meristem is procambium, which will make the vascular tissue. Remember that vascular tissue includes both xylem, which carries water, and phloem, which carries food.
Lesson Summary
Plants need to grow for several reasons, including the need to access sunlight to make food. The nodes and buds found on the stem are indicators of plant stem growth. Remember that all forms of growth must occur at the meristem, as this is the location of cell division. In order to get taller, plants go through primary growth, which occurs at the apical meristem. This area of cell division creates three types of tissue - protoderm, ground meristem and procambium - which will later become mature structures in the plant stem.
Learning Outcomes
By the conclusion of this video, you'll be able to:
- Define nodes and buds
- List the three main types of buds
- Tell where the apical and lateral meristems are found
- Name the types of tissue made by the apical and ground meristems
To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member.
Create your account
Unlock Your Education
See for yourself why 30 million people use Study.com
Become a Study.com member and start learning now.
Become a MemberAlready a member? Log In
BackEarning College Credit
Did you know… We have over 95 college courses that prepare you to earn credit by exam that is accepted by over 2,000 colleges and universities. You can test out of the first two years of college and save thousands off your degree. Anyone can earn credit-by-exam regardless of age or education level.
To learn more, visit our Earning Credit Page
Transferring credit to the school of your choice
Not sure what college you want to attend yet? Study.com has thousands of articles about every imaginable degree, area of study and career path that can help you find the school that's right for you.
You are viewing lesson
Lesson
3 in chapter 12 of the course:
- Classification of Vascular, Nonvascular, Monocot & Dicot Plants 7:48
- Structure of Plant Stems: Vascular and Ground Tissue 7:24
- Apical Meristem & Primary Shoot System Growth 4:12
-
4:59
Next Lesson
Lateral Meristem & Secondary Shoot System Growth
- Structure of Leaves: The Epidermis, Palisade and Spongy Layers 7:15
- Primary Root Tissue, Root Hairs and the Plant Vascular Cylinder 6:45
- Root System Growth: The Root Cap, Primary Roots & Lateral Roots 5:40
- Xylem: The Effect of Transpiration and Cohesion on Function 6:25
- Phloem: The Pressure Flow Hypothesis of Food Movement 5:17
- Flowers: Structure and Function of Male & Female Components 6:29
- Methods of Pollination and Flower-Pollinator Relationships 5:59
- Nitrogen Fixation: Significance to Plants and Humans 5:54
- Go to Plant Biology
Apical Meristem & Primary Shoot System Growth Related Study Materials
- Leadership in Action for Coaches
- Introduction to the Internet of Things
- Adaptive Leadership for Agile Organizations
- Chemistry 112: Chemistry II
- Leadership in Action
- Additional CLEP Principles of Macroeconomics Flashcards
- Additional CLEP Analyzing & Interpreting Literature Flashcards
- Additional CLEP History of the United States I Flashcards
- Additional CLEP Information Systems Flashcards
- CLEP Introductory Psychology Exam Flashcards
- Average AFQT Scores
- ASVAB Test Day Preparation
- How To Pass the GED Reading Test
- What is the AFQT?
- What is the Highest ASVAB Score?
- ASVAB Scores for Marines
- Can You Retake the ASVAB?
Latest Courses
- Irony & Satire in Great Expectations
- History of Drawing Materials & Techniques
- Tree Diagrams, Sample Space Diagrams & Tables of Outcomes
- How to Create Meaning in Art: Techniques & Examples
- Geography Tools: Fieldwork, Databases & Primary Sources
- Common Drug-Disease Interactions
- Practical Application: Determining Precipitates
- How to Implement Greentailing in Organizations
- Quiz & Worksheet - Questions on The Odyssey Book 22
- Quiz & Worksheet - Confidence Intervals
- Quiz & Worksheet - Vocabulary for Painting Materials & Processes
- Quiz & Worksheet - Sculpting Materials & Techniques
- Quiz & Worksheet - Problems & Solutions When Making Visual Art
- Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology Flashcards
- Clinical Assessment in Psychology Flashcards
Latest Lessons
- GACE Economics (538): Practice & Study Guide
- AP Biology Textbook
- Remedial Algebra I
- NYSTCE Health Education: Practice and Study Guide
- CBEST Reading: Practice & Study Guide
- Ethics in Advertising: Lesson Plans
- Sound and Light: Help and Review
- Quiz & Worksheet - Effects of Prokaryotes on Humans
- Quiz & Worksheet - Comparative Politics & Government
- Quiz & Worksheet - Progressive Verb Tense
- Quiz & Worksheet - Biomechanics Overview & Uses
- Quiz & Worksheet - Operating Budget
Popular Courses
- Behavioral Targeting: Definition, Uses & Issues
- A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court - Summary & Analysis
- Harlem Renaissance Lesson Plan
- Adding & Subtracting Fractions Lesson Plan
- Poetry Writing Prompts
- Multiplication Lesson Plan
- GRE or GMAT for an MBA?
- Money Lesson Plan
- How to Pass the Social Studies GED Test
- How to Ace a Second Interview
- How to Prepare for the New SAT
- Roaring 20s Lesson Plan
Popular Lessons
Explore our library of over 70,000 lessons
Browse by subject
