Calculation of Income Per Capita
Now that we know what income per capita is, let's look at how it is figured. First, a survey is taken in order to look at a specific period of time. The survey consists of individuals reporting their income from a variety of sources, such as salary, social security, dividends, welfare, disability and retirement, to name a few. The second step is to plug the information from the survey into the following math equation:
Total income of individuals 15 and older in a specific area/Total population in that specific area
Let's now look at an example utilizing this equation. Suppose we want to figure out what the income per capita is for the city of Walcott. We first need to figure out the incomes of everyone that lives in that town.
For this little town, there are only five people who live there, so we only need to gather the income of those five individuals. They are as follows: $25,000, $10,000, $10,000, $16,000, and $21,000. If you add the income up you come up with a total of $82,000. We then need to take this number and divide it by the total population of those 15 and over. For this scenario, the number is 5. When we put the numbers into the equation, it should look like this:
$82,000/5=$16,400
So, the income per capita for the small town of Walcott is $16,400.
Income Per Capita Accuracy
Now that we have looked at an example to demonstrate how income per capita is calculated, you may be wondering if the number is accurate. Well, the answer is, not always.
You see, if one person is making $300,000 and 50 people are making $10,000, the income per capita is $15,686. However, that doesn't accurately represent the population since that number is higher than almost everyone in that area makes. The one individual that makes $300,000 has skewed the number and does not accurately indicate the living conditions as income per capita is said to do.
Also, because the income of those in the area are collected through a survey, it is difficult to know how many individuals are correctly reporting their income, and if they are including all sources that fall within the income category.
Lesson Summary
In the end, income per capita (calculated by dividing the income from all those 15 and older living in the specific area by the population from that same area) is a way learn about a specific demographic area. While it may not be completely accurate, it helps give a picture of those working in the area.
By calculating per capita, someone looking to relocate can have a brief overview of what life might be like in their new perspective home.
