OAE - Biology: Animal Reproduction & Development - Videos & Lessons

About This Chapter

Watch these helpful video lessons to review the reproduction and development of animals before you sit for the OAE Biology exam. Make sure to try out our self-assessment quizzes to get a feel for the types of questions that are on the OAE Biology exam.

OAE - Biology: Animal Reproduction & Development- Chapter Summary

Let us help you nail down everything you need to know about animal development and reproduction for the OAE Biology exam. Study these engaging video lessons, complete with fun animations and easy-to-follow narrations, and you'll have no problem with animal development and reproduction questions on test day. After reacquainting yourself with material in this chapter, you'll be prepared to:

Discuss how the male and female reproductive systems produce sperm and eggs
Track the initial stages of early embryonic development, from the morula and blastula
Explain how the embryo is implanted and the function and structure of the placenta
Outline the functions of amniotic fluid, the amnion, and the yolk sac
Label a diagram of the three germ layers of a gastrula
Define Spemann's organizer and explain how it controls the fate of cells
Describe how differentiation is controlled by signaling molecules
Address how fate mapping tracks cell development

Our self-assessment quizzes are loaded with questions like the ones on the OAE Biology exam. After studying these videos, which are accessible on any device, test yourself. If you're not satisfied with you performance, you can re-watch the videos as many times as you need to.

Animal Reproduction & Development - Chapter Objectives

For instructors seeking licensure in the state of Ohio to teach life sciences in grades 7-12, the OAE Biology exam is a prerequisite. To pass, one must score a 220.

The exam includes five domains, each encompassing a different subject in biology. The biological unity and diversity section, which accounts for 20% of the questions on the test, includes questions about the reproduction and development of animals. The exam is comprised of 150 multiple-choice questions. You will have three hours to complete the test.

12 Lessons in Chapter 22: OAE - Biology: Animal Reproduction & Development

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1. Overview of Animal Reproduction and Development

At this stage in life, you likely know where babies come from. However, did you know that some animals can make clones of themselves and reproduce sexually too? In this lesson, you'll learn more about sexual reproduction and early vertebrate development.

2. Spermatogenesis: How the Male Reproductive System Produces Sperm

In this lesson, you'll learn the series of steps necessary to produce a fully functional sperm cell. You'll also look at the structure of a sperm cell and see how it's equipped to venture forth into new territory.

3. Oogenesis: How the Female Reproductive System Produces Eggs

Did you know that a human female already has all of the oocytes that she will make in her entire life before she is even born? In this lesson, you'll learn how the human body produces an ovum through the process of oogenesis. You'll also learn how polar bodies help to ensure that female gametes are of high quality even though they are not produced in high quantities.

4. Early Embryonic Development: The Morula and Blastula

This lesson on the early stages of mammalian development covers the processes following fertilization, such as cleavage, the morula formation and blastula formation. Watch to learn what the inner cell mass, trophoblast cells and blastocyst are, as well as their functions within embryonic development.

5. Embryo Implantation and Placenta Formation

This lesson will cover the journey the mammalian embryo first makes after it has been fertilized. Learn how maternal blood moves through the embryo, and how the placenta is formed.

6. The Placenta and the Fetus: Structure and Function

Have you ever wondered how a baby eats before it's born or if babies go to the bathroom while still inside their mother? In this lesson, you will learn about the placenta and how it works to ensure a fetus stays well-nourished and healthy before birth.

7. Amniotic Fluid, The Amnion, and the Yolk Sac

From a chick developing inside an egg to a human baby growing in its mother's womb, all developing vertebrates rely on a support system to protect them, feed them, supply them with oxygen, remove wastes, and do much, much more to ensure that the embryo grows and develops into a fully functional organism. In this lesson, you'll learn about the different parts of that support system and some of the things that they do.

8. Gastrulation and the 3 Germ Layers (Ectoderm, Endoderm & Mesoderm)

Gastrulation is a key process in embryonic development - it's how a simple ball of cells begins to grow into a fully functioning being! Watch this lesson to learn about a key process in the development of almost all multicellular organisms.

9. Spemann's Organizer: Controller of Cell Fate

Have you ever wondered how different parts of a developing embryo know what kind of tissue to become? What prevents two heads from developing on the same embryo, or for that matter, what ensures that a head develops at all? A small group of cells called Spemann's organizer determines the fates of the cells around them.

10. Concentration Gradients, Signaling Molecules & Inhibitors in Development

The discovery and characterization of Spemann's organizer was a significant achievement in the field of developmental biology, but this small piece of the dorsal lip is only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to coordinating the differentiation of all of the various tissue types in a growing embryo. In this lesson, you'll learn about concentration gradients and how they can be used to create various combinations of signaling molecules in different parts of the embryo.

11. How Signaling Molecules Control Differentiation

From signaling molecules to transcription factors and gene expression, in this lesson you'll learn what it takes for a cell to differentiate. You'll also learn some of the ways a cell can make sense of different combinations of signaling molecules and how these combinations can be used to guide a cell through the process of differentiation.

12. How Fate Mapping Is Used to Track Cell Development

Over the years, scientists have developed several methods to label and track groups of cells as they develop. These types of experiments are called fate mapping studies. In this lesson, you'll learn the basics of fate mapping and see how technology has allowed scientists to improve fate mapping techniques.

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